Forklift owning and operating cost per hour

cost_per_h = ((purchase_price − residual_value) / years + annual_interest + insurance) / annual_hours + energy_$_per_h + maintenance_$_per_h + battery_or_tire_reserve_$_per_h (+ operator wage if wanted)

Derived by Warehouse Machines from Operating Costs (Supralift materials handling glossary): no single source states this formula, so treat the result as an estimate.

Supralift lists the cost components (depreciation, imputed interest, energy, maintenance, personnel, insurance); the per-hour arithmetic is ours. All defaults must be shown and editable with their own citations from the prices_*.json files.

Worked example: $30,000 truck, 40% residual after 5 yr, 2,000 h/yr: depreciation $3,600/yr = $1.80/h; + energy $1.48/h + maintenance $1.25/h ≈ $4.53/h before interest/insurance.